Psychoeducation: perspectives from individuals on sick leave who are at risk of having a mental disorder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7577/njsr.2089Keywords:
Qualitative, psychoeducation, job centre, sick leave, mental health, return to work, rehabilitation, social relations, peer supportAbstract
The large number of people on sickness and disability benefits due to mental disorders in Denmark has increased the need for improved rehabilitative services to facilitate their return to work. The aim of the present study was to explore the use of psychoeducation in relation to the standard services of a Danish job centre for individuals on sick leave with regard to relevance, elements contributing to recovery, and improvements of psychoeducation as an intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 individuals on sick leave who were at risk of having a mental disorder. The interviews were analysed using systematic text condensation inspired by Giorgi’s phenomenological analysis. The resulting core themes describing psychoeducation with respect to the standard services of the job centre included access and relevance of psychoeducation in relation to the job centre’s standard services, social support, self-care, and psychoeducation intervention. This study concludes that the informants consider psychoeducation a relevant offer to individuals on sick leave who are at risk of having a mental disorder. The relevance of the standard services of the job-centre services was considered to be low. Furthermore, psychoeducation reinforces peer support and inclusion of relatives as elements to aid recovery to a much larger extent than do the standard services of the job centre. In general, the results support the use of psychoeducation in a municipal job-centre setting as a targeted and beneficial offer to individuals on sick leave who are at risk of having a mental disorder.
References
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O’Connor, C., Gordon, O., Graham, M., Kelly, F., & O’Grady-Walshe, A. (2008). Service user perspectives of a psychoeducation group for individuals with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder: A qualitative study. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 196(7), 568. doi:10.1097/NMD.0b013e31817d0193
Pedersen, P., Sogaard, H. J., Yde, B. F., Labriola, M., Nohr, E. A., & Jensen, C. (2014). Psychoeducation to facilitate return to work in individuals on sick leave and at risk of having a mental disorder: Protocol of a randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1288-2458-14-1288. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1288
Rouget, B. W., & Aubry, J. (2007). Efficacy of psychoeducational approaches on bipolar disorders: A review of the literature. Journal of Affective Disorders, 98(1), 11. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2006.07.016
Søgaard, H. J., & Bech, P. (2009). Psychiatric disorders in long-term sickness absence -- a population-based cross-sectional study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 37(7), 682. doi:10.1177/1403494809344357
Stafford, N., & Colom, F. (2013). Purpose and effectiveness of psychoeducation in patients with bipolar disorder in a bipolar clinic setting. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.Supplementum, (442), 11.
Ståhl, C., & Edvardsson Stiwne, E. (2014). Narratives of sick leave, return to work and job mobility for people with common mental disorders in Sweden. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 24(3), 543. doi:10.1007/s10926-013-9480-7
Stjernswärd, S., Bernce, R., & Östman, M. (2013). ‘Young women’: The meaning of a collaborative program supporting young women's rehabilitation and reintegration into the labor market. Social Work in Public Health, 28(7), 672-84. doi: 10.1080/19371918.2011.593465.
Andersen, M. F., Nielsen, K. M., & Brinkmann, S. (2012). Meta-synthesis of qualitative research on return to work among employees with common mental disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 38(2), 93.
Arends, I., Bruinvels, D. J., Rebergen, D. S., Nieuwenhuijsen, K., Madan, I., Neumeyer-Gromen, A., . . . Verbeek, J. H. (2012). Interventions to facilitate return to work in adults with adjustment disorders. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 12, CD006389. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006389.pub2; 10.1002/14651858.CD006389.pub2
Casañas, R., Catalan, R., del Val, J. L., Real, J., Valero, S., & Casas, M. (2012). Effectiveness of a psycho-educational group program for major depression in primary care: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry, 12, 230-244X-12-230. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-12-230; 10.1186/1471-244X-12-230
Colom, F., Vieta, E., Sanchez-Moreno, J., Palomino-Otiniano, R., Reinares, M., Goikolea, J. M., . . . Martinez-Aran, A. (2009). Group psychoeducation for stabilised bipolar disorders: 5-year outcome of a randomised clinical trial. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 194(3), 260. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.040485
Colom, F. (2011). Keeping therapies simple: Psychoeducation in the prevention of relapse in affective disorders. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 198(5), 338. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.110.090209
Danish Employers’ Confederation. (2014). Førtidspension og fleksjob, [Disability pension and flexicurity], The Danish Employers’ Confederation, February 2012
Donker, T., Griffiths, K. M., Cuijpers, P., & Christensen, H. (2009). Psychoeducation for depression, anxiety and psychological distress: A meta-analysis. BMC Medicine, 7(1), 79. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-7-79
Grav, S., Hellzèn, O., Romild, U., & Stordal, E. (2012). Association between social support and depression in the general population: The HUNT study, a cross-sectional survey. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21(1-2), 111. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03868.x
Hillborg, H. (2010). Towards a working life? experiences in a rehabilitation process for people with psychiatric disabilities. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 17(2), 149. doi:10.3109/11038120902906303
Klanghed, U., Svensson, T., & Alexanderson, K. (2004). Positive encounters with rehabilitation professionals reported by persons with experience of sickness absence. Work, 22(3), 247.
Malterud, K. (2011). Kvalitative metoder i medisinsk forskning: En innføring [Qualitative methods in medical research: an introduction] (3rd ed.). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
Marselisborgcentret, & Rehabiliteringsforum Danmark. (2004). Rehabilitering i Danmark: Hvidbog om rehabiliteringsbegrebet [Rehabilitation in Denmark: White Paper on the concept of rehabilitation]. Århus: Marselisborgcentret.
Maulik, P. K., Eaton, W. W., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2010). The effect of social networks and social support on common mental disorders following specific life events. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 122(2), 118. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.1511.x
Morokuma, I., Shimodera, S., Fujita, H., Hashizume, H., Kamimura, N., Kawamura, A., . . . Inoue, S. (2013). Psychoeducation for major depressive disorders: A randomised controlled trial. Psychiatry Research, 210(1), 134.
Muijzer, A., Brouwer, S., Geertzen, J. H., & Groothoff, J. W. (2012). Exploring factors relevant in the assessment of the return-to-work process of employees on long-term sickness absence due to a depressive disorder: A focus group study. BMC Public Health, 12(1), 103. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-103
Nieuwenhuijsen, K., Bultmann, U., Neumeyer-Gromen, A., Verhoeven, A. C., Verbeek, J. H., & van der Feltz-Cornelis, C. M. (2008). Interventions to improve occupational health in depressed people. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (2):CD006237. doi(2), CD006237. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006237.pub2; 10.1002/14651858.CD006237.pub2
Noordik, E. (2011). Exploring the return-to-work process for workers partially returned to work and partially on long-term sick leave due to common mental disorders: A qualitative study. Disability and Rehabilitation, 33(17-18), 1625. doi:10.3109/09638288.2010.541547
O’Connor, C., Gordon, O., Graham, M., Kelly, F., & O’Grady-Walshe, A. (2008). Service user perspectives of a psychoeducation group for individuals with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder: A qualitative study. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 196(7), 568. doi:10.1097/NMD.0b013e31817d0193
Pedersen, P., Sogaard, H. J., Yde, B. F., Labriola, M., Nohr, E. A., & Jensen, C. (2014). Psychoeducation to facilitate return to work in individuals on sick leave and at risk of having a mental disorder: Protocol of a randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1288-2458-14-1288. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1288
Rouget, B. W., & Aubry, J. (2007). Efficacy of psychoeducational approaches on bipolar disorders: A review of the literature. Journal of Affective Disorders, 98(1), 11. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2006.07.016
Søgaard, H. J., & Bech, P. (2009). Psychiatric disorders in long-term sickness absence -- a population-based cross-sectional study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 37(7), 682. doi:10.1177/1403494809344357
Stafford, N., & Colom, F. (2013). Purpose and effectiveness of psychoeducation in patients with bipolar disorder in a bipolar clinic setting. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.Supplementum, (442), 11.
Ståhl, C., & Edvardsson Stiwne, E. (2014). Narratives of sick leave, return to work and job mobility for people with common mental disorders in Sweden. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 24(3), 543. doi:10.1007/s10926-013-9480-7
Stjernswärd, S., Bernce, R., & Östman, M. (2013). ‘Young women’: The meaning of a collaborative program supporting young women's rehabilitation and reintegration into the labor market. Social Work in Public Health, 28(7), 672-84. doi: 10.1080/19371918.2011.593465.
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2015-12-06
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Højfeldt, L. H., Pedersen, P., Petersen, K. S., & Andersen, L. P. S. (2015). Psychoeducation: perspectives from individuals on sick leave who are at risk of having a mental disorder. Nordic Journal of Social Research, 6. https://doi.org/10.7577/njsr.2089
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