Intergenerational learning and Sikolohiyang Pilipino
Perspectives from the Philippines
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7577/njcie.4151Keywords:
intergenerational, learning, program, research, Filipino, culture, indigenous psychologyAbstract
Research on intergenerational learning delves into both the reciprocal transfer of knowledge and learning relationships between different generations. However, as this is an emerging research topic, there is a gap in the information available from various cultures. This paper aims to present intergenerational learning through the development of non-western indigenous psychology via the lens of Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino psychology) in order to broaden the existing perspectives and understanding of intergenerational learning, engagements, and programs. By utilizing the theoretical framework of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, notably as espoused by Virgilio Enriquez, indigenous Filipino values are identified as key to understanding the predominance of family and community as venues and arenas for intergenerational learning in the Philippines. This underscores the importance of using the philosophical arguments associated with different cultural perspectives to challenge current assumptions and biases in intergenerational research and of being mindful when applying concepts that predominate in one culture to another. Additional intergenerational research in the Philippines will benefit from the inclusion of Sikolohiyang Pilipino as a theoretical framework since this will enable a deeper understanding of educational concepts within Filipino culture.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Akinnaso, F. N. (1992). Schooling, language, and knowledge in literate and nonliterate societies. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 34(1), 68-109.
Alanen L. (2014) Childhood and intergenerationality: Toward an intergenerational perspective on child well-being. In A. Ben-Arieh, F. Casas, I. Frønes, & J. Korbin. (Eds.), Handbook of child well-being (pp. 131–160). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9063-8_5
Badana, A. N., & Andel, R. (2018). Aging in the Philippines. The Gerontologist, 58(2), 212-218. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx203
Boström, A.-K., & Schmidt-Hertha, B. (2017). Intergenerational relationships and lifelong learning. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 15(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2017.1260408
Cabigon, J. V. (2002, March). The role of Filipino youth and older persons in the implementation of the 1994-2004 Philippine Plan of Action for Older Persons [Paper presentation]. Re-engaging the Generations: Intergenerational Programming in Social Ser-vices international conference, Singapore.
Chudacoff, H. P. (1992). How old are you?: Age consciousness in American culture. Princeton University Press.
Clemente, J. A. (2011). An empirical analysis of research trends in the Philippine Journal of Psychology: Implications for Sikolohiyang Pilipino. Philippine Social Sciences Review, 63(1).
Cotterell, A. (2014). A history of Southeast Asia. Marshall Cavendish Editions.
Cruz, C. J. P., & Cruz, G. T. (2019), Filipino Older Persons, In G. T. Cruz, C. J. P. Cruz, & Y. Saito (Eds.), Ageing and health in the Philippines, Jakarta, Indonesia: Economic research institute for ASEAN and East Asia (pp. 27-46). Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia.
Cruz, G. T, Natividad, J. N., Gonzales, M. L., & Saito, Y. (2016). Aging in the Philippines: findings from the 2007 Philippine study on aging. Quezon City: University of the Philippine Population Institute and Demographic Research and Development Foundation Inc.
De Guzman, A. B., Lacorte, J. C., Lacsamana, A. K. G., Lagac, M. L. M., Laguador, J. M., Lapid, J. J. R., & Lee, L. M. C.. (2012). Who says there is no life after abandonment? A grounded theory on the coping of abandoned Filipino elderly in nursing homes. Educational Gerontology, 38(12), 890–901. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2012.661329
EMIL Network. (n.d.). What is intergenerational learning? http://www.emil-network.eu/what-is-intergenerational-learning/
Enriquez, V.G. (1992). From colonial to liberation psychology. University of the Philippines Press.
Enriquez, V. G. (1974). Mga batayan ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino sa kultura at kasaysayan [The bases of Sikolohiyang Pilipino in culture and history]. In V.G. Enriquez (Ed.), Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Batayan sa Kasaysayan, Perspektibo, mga Konsepto at Bibliograpiya [Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Bases in History, Perspectives, Concepts and Bibliography]. (pp. 1 – 29). University of the Philippines.
Enriquez, V. G. (1978). Kapwa: A core concept in Filipino social psychology. Philippine Social Sciences and Humanities Review, 42, 100–108.
Enriquez, V. G. (1994). Pagbabangong-dangal: Indigenous psychology and cultural empowerment. Akademya ng Kultura at Sikolohiyang Pilipino.
Enriquez, V.G. (1975). Mga batayan ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino sa kultura at kasaysayan [The bases of Filipino psychology in culture and history]. General Education Journal, 29, 61–88.
Good, J. A., & Garrison, J. (2007). Traces of Hegelian Bildung in Dewey’s philosophy. In P. Fairfield (Ed.), John Dewey and continental philosophy (pp. 44–68). Southern Illinois Press.
Hake, B. J. (2017). Gardens as learning spaces: Intergenerational learning in urban food gardens. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 15(1), 26–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2017.1260369
Lan, G. B. (Ed.). (2011). Decentring and diversifying Southeast Asian studies: Perspectives from the region. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Marquez, M. P. N. (2019). Family Support and Intergenerational Exchanges. In G. T. Cruz, C. J. P. Cruz, & Y. Saito (Eds.), Ageing and Health in the Philippines (pp. 160–171). Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia.
McBride, M. R. (2006). Working with Filipino American families. In G. Yeo, & D. Gallagher-Thompson (Eds.), Ethnicity and the dementias (2nd ed., pp. 189–207). Taylor and Francis.
Mehta, K. K., & Leng, T. L. (2006). Interdependence in Asian families: the Singapore case. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 4(1), 117-125.
Ogena, M. B. (2019), ‘Activities, social isolation, and information technology’, In G. T. Cruz, C. J. P. Cruz, & Y. Saito (Eds.), Ageing and health in the Philippines, Jakarta, Indonesia: Economic research institute for ASEAN and East Asia (pp. 129-148). Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia.
Ong, M. G., & Braun, V. (2016). Erasing/Embracing the marks of aging: Alternative discourses around beauty among Filipina migrants. Social Science Diliman, 12(2).
Oropilla, C. T. (2020). Young child’s and older adult’s voices: Dialogue in a song. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2020.1827117
Oropilla, C. T. (2021). Spaces for Transitions in Intergenerational Childhood Experiences. In E. E. Ødegaard & J. S. Borgen (Eds.). Childhood cultures in transformation: 30 years of the UN convention on the rights of the child in action towards sustainability. Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004445666_005
Oropilla, C. T., & Ødegaard, E. E. (2021). Strengthening the call for intentional intergenerational programmes towards sustainable futures for children and families. Sustainability, 13(10), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105564
Pe‐Pua, R., & Protacio‐Marcelino, E. A. (2000). Sikolohiyang Pilipino [Filipino psychology]: A legacy of Virgilio G. Enriquez. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 3(1), 49–71.
Philippine Statistics Authority. (2015). Philippine Statistics Authority | Republic of the Philippines. 2015 Facts on Senior Citizens. https://psa.gov.ph/population-and-housing.
Reagan, T. (2018). Non-Western educational traditions: Local approaches to thought and practice. Taylor & Francis.
Rogoff, B. (2003). The cultural nature of human development. Oxford University Press.
Rogoff, B., Paradise, R., Arauz, R. M., Correa-Chávez, M., & Angelillo, C. (2003). Firsthand learning through intent participation. Annual review of psychology, 54 (1), 175–203. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145118
Root, M.P. (2005). Filipino families. In M. McGoldrick, J. Giordano, & N. Garcia-Preto (Eds.), Ethnicity & family therapy (3rd ed., pp. 319– 331). The Guildford Press
Rungduin, T. T., Rungduin, D. C., Gravidez, I. R. B., Devera, C. L., & Ronquillo, P. I. (2014). Mapping the emergence of interpersonal values during transgression: Inputs to teaching Filipino psychology and values education. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 3(5), 73–84. https://bit.ly/3wGqeMH
San Juan Jr, E. (2006). Toward a decolonizing indigenous psychology in the Philippines: Introducing Sikolohiyang Pilipino. Journal for Cultural Research, 10(1), 47–67.
Stewart, G. (2018). What does ‘indigenous’ mean, for me. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 50(8), 740–743. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2017.1302050
Thang, L. L., Kaplan, M. S., & Henkin, N. Z. (2003). Intergenerational programming in Asia: Converging diversities toward a common goal. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 1(1), 49–69.
The TOY Project Consortium (2013). Reweaving the tapestry of the generations: An intergenerational learning tour through Europe. The TOY Project. http://www.toyproject.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/FINAL-TOY-RESEARCH-REPORT.pdf
Torio, V. A. G., & Cabrillas-Torio, M. Z. (2016). The integration of Philippine psychology, charisma and teaching effectiveness in a Filipino classroom. IJRST, 2(3), 354–360. https://bit.ly/3dK8tDx
Vygotsky, L. S. (1998). The collected works of L. S. Vygotsky. Volume 5: Child psychology. (R. W. Rieber, Ed.; M. J. Hall, Trans.). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
Watts, J. (2017). Multi- or intergenerational learning? Exploring some meanings. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 15(1), 39–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2017.1260367
Yacat, J. (2013). Filipino psychology (Sikolohiyang Pilipino). In K.D. Keith (Ed.), The Encyclopedia of Cross‐Cultural Psychology, 2, 551–556.
Ødegaard, E. E. (2015). ‘Glocality’ in play: Efforts and dilemmas in changing the model of the teacher for the Norwegian national framework for kindergartens. Policy Futures in Education, 14(1), 42–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210315612645
Ødegaard, E. E, & White, E. J. (2018). Bildung: Potential and promise in early childhood education. In M. A. Peters (Ed.), Encyclopedia of educational philosophy and theory (pp. 73–79). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-588-4_57
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Czarecah Tuppil Oropilla, Jean Guadana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Declaration on copyright
- The author/s will keep their copyright and right of reproduction of their own manuscript, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License, but give the journal a permanent right to 1) present the manuscript to the public in the original form in which it was digitally published and 2) to be registered and cited as the first publication of the manuscript.
- The author itself must manage its financial reproduction rights in relation to any third-parties.
- The journal does not provide any financial or other remuneration for contributions submitted.
- Readers of the journal may print the manuscripts presented under the same conditions that apply to reproduction of a physical copy. This means that mass reproduction of physical copies or production of copies for commercial purposes is not permitted without the agreement of the author/s.