Lärande om användning av verktyg i yrkesämnesundervisning
Klassrumsobservationer av lärar-elevinteraktion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7577/sjvd.5850Emneord (Nøkkelord):
Yrkesämnesundervisning, yrkeslärande, verktyg, yrkesutbildning, undervisningsinnehåll, variationsteorinSammendrag
Artikeln handlar om hur verktyg på olika sätt framträder som undervisningsinnehåll i yrkesämnesundervisningen. Fokus ligger på den interaktion som sker mellan lärare och elever i skolans verkstäder och workshopar inom yrkesutbildningen.Genom videodokumenterade klassrumsobservationer undersöker vi hur verktyg används som ett lärandeobjekt i samspelet mellan yrkeslärare och elever. Den teoretiska grunden för studien är variationsteorin. Detta ramverk används för att förstå det insamlade materialet av videoinspelade lektioner från fyra tekniska yrkesprogram där verktyg är i förgrunden i samspelet mellan elever och lärare kategoriserats i relation till forskningsfrågan: På vilka olika sätt framträder användning av verktyg som ett lärandeobjekt då de hamnar i förgrunden som innehåll i yrkesämnesundervisningen? Resultatet visar på fyra kategorier som handlar om att använda och förstå verktyg och objekt för att lösa uppgifter i omedelbara situationer. Kategorierna handlar om att 1) hitta och använda tillgängliga objekt, 2) förstå hur specifika verktyg används, 3) hantera komplexiteten i verktygsanvändning och 4) skapa eller modifiera verktyg för att lösa problem. Slutsatsen är att det finns olika typer av innehåll och förmågor relaterade till verktyg som används i yrkesämnesundervisningen i skolans verkstäder och workshopar. Vår studie visar att verktyg är dynamiska, skapade och formade i olika sammanhang. Användningen av verktyg som ett lärandeobjekt sker i olika undervisningssituationer och interaktioner mellan lärare och elever. Yrkeseleverna får olika möjligheter att lära sig använda dem på olika sätt i här och nu-situationer utifrån de situationer som uppstår i yrkesämnesundervisningen.
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Opphavsrett 2025 Hamid Asghari, Nina Kilbrink, Stig-Börje Asplund
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