Exploring richness in design spaces as a multi-level defined construct

Forfattere

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.4133

Emneord (Nøkkelord):

richness, assessment, multi-level defined construct, complexity, shared language

Sammendrag

It seems relevant that designers who are dealing with complex societal issues need to be able to assess whether the complexity of the design task has been captured sufficiently. We put forward that assessing the “richness” of intermediate results of a design process can be used for this. We explore the introduction of richness as a multi-level defined construct to create a shared language for this assessment. We created a three-part definition and tested its workability and value for designers. The results demonstrate the workability of considering richness as a multi-level defined construct, and value of using it to assess the richness of an intermediate result of a design process, to inform the decision whether to continue the design process. This exploration can be built upon in various ways.

Forfatterbiografier

Wouter Kersten, Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering

Thematic coordinator CVD

Jan Carel Diehl, Delft University of Technology

Associate professor Industrial Design Engineering

Jo M.L. van Engelen, Delft University of Technology

Chaired professor of Integrated Sustainable Solutions at the Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering at Delft University of Technology

Chaired professor of Business Development at the Faculty of Economics and Business of the University of Groningen

Referanser

Backx, J., Hilberath, C., Messenbock, R., Morieux, Y., & Streubel, H. (2017). Mastering complexity through simplification: Four steps to creating competitive advantage. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2017/people-organization-operations-mastering-complexity-through-simplification

Bushe, G. R. (2013). Generative process, generative outcome: The transformational potential of appreciative inquiry. In D.L. Cooperrider, D.P. Zandee, L.N. Godwin, M. Avital & B. Boland (eds.) Organizational generativity: The appreciative inquiry summit and a scholarship of transformation (pp. 89-113): Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1475-9152(2013)0000004003 https://doi.org/10.1108/S1475-9152(2013)0000004003

Checkland, P. (1981). Systems thinking, systems practice. John Wiley & Sons.

Checkland, P. (2000). Soft systems methodology: a thirty year retrospective. Systems research and behavioral science, 17(S1), 11-58. https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1743(200011)17:1+<::AID-SRES374>3.0.CO;2-O https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1743(200011)17:1+<::AID-SRES374>3.0.CO;2-O

Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1984). Information richness: a new approach to manager information processing and organisational design. Research in Organizational Behavior, 6, 191-233. https://doi.org/10.21236/ADA128980 https://doi.org/10.21236/ADA128980

Dorst, K., & Cross, N. (2001). Creativity in the design process: co-evolution of problem–solution. Design studies, 22(5), 425-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-694X(01)00009-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-694X(01)00009-6

Gonçalves, M. (2016). Decoding designers' inspiration process. [PhD, Delft University of Technology]. https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:a270cdf2-d46b-4085-8f4f-328b823ccdee

Johnson, S. (2002). Emergence. Scribner.

Johnson, S. (2011). Where good ideas come from: the seven patterns of innovation: Penguin UK. https://doi.org/10.1037/e609342010-001 https://doi.org/10.1037/e609342010-001

Jones, P. (2014). Systemic design principles for complex social systems. In G. S. Metcalf (Ed.), Social systems and design (pp. 91-128). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54478-4_4 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54478-4_4

Jones, P., & Bowes, J. (2017). Rendering Systems Visible for Design: Synthesis Maps as Constructivist Design Narratives. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation, 3(3), 229-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2017.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2017.12.001

Jones, P., & VanPatter, G. (2009). Design 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0: The rise of visual sensemaking. NextD Journal; ReThinking Design (March), 1-12.

Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. Macmillan.

Kersten, W.C. (2020). What Leonardo could mean to us now: Systematic variation 21st century style, applied to large-scale societal issues. [PhD, Delft University of Technology]. https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:2b5626ca-1a12-44e9-88da-6d898b06b751

Kersten, W. C., Diehl, J. C., Crul, M. R. M., & Van Engelen, J. M. L. (2016). A multi-context design approach for a portable ultrasound device. Paper presented at the DS 85-1: Proceedings of NordDesign 2016, Volume 1, Trondheim, Norway, 10th-12th August 2016. https://www.designsociety.org/publication/39303/A+multi-context+design+approach+for+a+portable+ultrasound+device on 18 October 2017

Klein, G., & Jarosz, A. (2011). A naturalistic study of insight. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 5(4), 335-351. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555343411427013 https://doi.org/10.1177/1555343411427013

Koffka, K. (2013). Principles of Gestalt psychology (Vol. 44). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315009292 https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315009292

Kramer, N. J. T. A., & de Smit, J. (1979). Systeemdenken - Inleiding tot de begrippen en concepten [Systems Thinking - Introduction to the Terms and Concepts](2nd ed.). Stenfert Kroese BV.

Kratzer, J., Leenders, R. T. A. J., & Van Engelen, J. M. L. (2010). The social network among engineering design teams and their creativity: A case study among teams in two product development programs. International Journal of Project Management, 28(5), 428-436. doi:http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2009.09.007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2009.09.007

Leenders, R. T. A., Van Engelen, J. M., & Kratzer, J. (2007). Systematic design methods and the creative performance of new product teams: do they contradict or complement each other? Journal of Product Innovation Management, 24(2), 166-179. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2007.00241.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2007.00241.x

Lewis, P. (1992). Rich picture building in the soft systems methodology. European Journal of Information Systems, 1(5), 351-360. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.1992.7 https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.1992.7

Lindgaard, K., & Wesselius, H. (2017). Once More, with Feeling: Design Thinking and Embodied Cognition. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation, 3(2), 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2017.05.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2017.05.004

Montuori, A. (2011). Beyond postnormal times: The future of creativity and the creativity of the future. Futures, 43(2), 221-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2010.10.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2010.10.013

Moon, J.-Y., & LaRock, E. (2017). On emergence from the perspective of physical science. arXiv preprint arXiv:1705.11075.

Mundy, J. (2010). Creating dynamic tensions through a balanced use of management control systems. Accounting, organizations and society, 35(5), 499-523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2009.10.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2009.10.005

Norman, D. A. (1988). The psychology of everyday things: Basic books.

Oades-Sese, G. V. & Esquivel, G. B. (2011). Cultural Diversity and Creativity. In M. A. Runco, S. R. Pritzker (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Creativity (pp. 335-341). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-375038-9.00078-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-375038-9.00078-9

Sarkar, P. & Chakrabarti, A. (2011). Assessing design creativity. Design studies, 32(4), 348-383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2011.01.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2011.01.002

Schön, D. A. (1984). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action (Vol. 5126): Basic books.

Sevaldson, B. (2008). Rich design research space. FormAkademisk, 1(1), 28-44. https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.119 https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.119

Sevaldson, B. (2009). Why should we and how can we make the design process more complex. In M. L. Berg (Ed.) Fremtid Formes/Shaping Futures. Oslo School of Architecture and Design. http://www.birger-sevaldson.no/phd/Why%20should%20we%20and%20how.pdf

Sevaldson, B. (2011). GIGA-Mapping: Visualisation for complexity and systems thinking in design. Paper presented at the Nordes ’11: the 4th Nordic Design Research Conference, Helsinki. https://doi.org/10.21606/nordes.2011.015 https://doi.org/10.21606/nordes.2011.015

Sevaldson, B. (2017a). Redesigning Systems Thinking. FormAkademisk, 10(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.1755 https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.1755

Sevaldson, B. (2017b). How to GIGA-map. Systems Oriented Design. Systems Oriented Design. http://www.systemsorienteddesign.net/index.php/giga-mapping/how-to-giga-map

Simon, H. A. (1969). The sciences of the artificial. MIT Press.

Stacey, R. D. (1996). Complexity and creativity in organizations. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

van der Lugt, R. (2003). Relating the quality of the idea generation process to the quality of the resulting design ideas. Paper presented at the DS 31: Proceedings of ICED 03, the 14th International Conference on Engineering Design, Stockholm.

Verganti, R. (2017). Design Thinkers Think Like Managers. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation, 3(2), 100-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2017.10.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2017.10.006

Weick, K. E. (2007). The generative properties of richness. Academy of management journal, 50(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.24160637 https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.24160637

Eventual result cooker concept based on shared insights

Nedlastinger

Publisert

2022-06-23

Hvordan referere

Kersten, W., Diehl, J. C., & van Engelen, J. M. (2022). Exploring richness in design spaces as a multi-level defined construct. FormAkademisk, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.4133

Utgave

Seksjon

Artikler

Cited by